What Eliza Hamilton Left Behind

 This is a guest post by Tilar J. Mazzeo, author of a forthcoming biography on Eliza Hamilton, and Graham Windham

eliza hamilton

By now everyone knows that Eliza Hamilton, the wife of Alexander Hamilton, burned her husband's love letters before she diedand November 9th will be the 162nd anniversary of her death on that day in 1854 at the age of 97. But if you're an astute historian, you might notice that Alexander Hamilton was killed in that famous duel way back in 1804. Eliza carried on being fabulous for another 50 years after the death of "my Hamilton." And not all the letters between Eliza and Alexander were burned, either.

Eliza was born Elizabeth Schuyler in 1757, the daughter of an important landowner and Revolutionary War general. During her girlhood in upstate New York, she and her sisters lived in a world that might be best described as a cross between every Jane Austen novel that you've ever read and James Fenimore Cooper's The Last of the Mohicans. The Schuyler girls fussed over finery and danced the minuet at balls with dashing young officers, first in British red coats and later in the "buff and blue" of the American troops, late into the night. But instead of fancy needlework, they strung wampum for trade with the local American Indians, and, after a certain party in Boston, taking tea was not in fashion.

One of those young officers was Alexander Hamilton, who came riding in on horseback one day to deliver a message to her father. When they met again the next time, at an officer's ball during the American Revolution, they were smitten and, soon, married. While they lived at times in upstate New York, in Philadelphia, and in army camps, their most important family home was a mansion in Harlem, known as The Grange, where they raised a passel childrensome of them their own and at least one foster child, a little girl named Fanny, the orphan of a Revolutionary War hero. They also planned together an astonishingly ambitious garden that was years in the making.

the grange

That marriage lasted from 1780 until Alexander Hamilton's death in 1804, and, of course, there were some bumps along the way involving a unfortunate period of indiscretion with a certain Maria Reynolds. But Alexander's rise to fame and glory was a wild ride that profoundly shaped the young American democracy, and Eliza was deeply proud of her husband.

The current exhibition at The New York Public Library, Alexander Hamilton: Striver, Statesman, Scoundrel (on view until December 31 in the Stephen A. Schwarzman Building) tells that story of Alexander Hamilton's rise and his genius, as well his peccadillos and his duel with Aaron Burr, and puts on display as well more than two dozen rare items from the collection that offer an intimate peek into the lives of the Hamilton family. One of those items is an 1803 letter from Alexander to Elizasent with "tenderest affection"talking about their planned apple orchard and his dreams for the gardens.

After Alexander's death the next year, Eliza was left impoverished, and her youngest child was only two-years old. But she was ultimately able to save The Grange (open to the public today as a New York State museum, 414 W. 141st Street) from a public auction and remained the steward of the Hamilton family home.

Although Eliza's story often ends there in the telling of the Hamilton history, Eliza didn't just spend those next 50 years tending flowers in Harlem. A single mother who by her 40s had delivered eight children, a foster mother to one little girl, and the wife of a man who had been orphaned himself in childhood, Eliza was passionate about the lives of children. In 1806, along with several other social activists in New York City, Eliza was one of the founders of the first private orphanage in the city, the New York Orphan Asylum Society. She was there in 1807 when the orphanage laid its first cornerstone, and she was indefatigable in her efforts to raise money and support the society, becoming its director in 1821. She remained involved until her 90s. That organization she helped to foundEliza's "living legacy"exists today as Graham Windham, thanks to Eliza and her fellow activists the oldest non-profit and non-sectarian child welfare agency in America.

Illustration of the Orphan Asylum Society of the City of New York
graham windham
Photo courtesy of Graham Windham.

 

Learn more about the legacy of Eliza Hamilton at Eliza's Story, and follow along with the celebration of her life on #ElizasStory and #ElizaHamilton.

Comments

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jussayin

Alexander Hamilton was in bed with the same people that started the Federal Reserve. He is literally, a bad person. He was the member of congress that introduced the idea of a central bank, which if you guys haven't noticed, was a horrible idea. And now all of the worlds has a central bank, and the world's currencies are controlled by the same damn group of people. Corporations are considered a "persons" by law. Persons have free speech. Money is considered "free speech" by law. SO, that means banks are corporations/persons and can spend as much money as they like on political campaigns, meaning they are able to put money in the pockets of congressmen with no legal action, and those same congressmen, push for their new policies, and effect you and I to the fullest. I do not care what Alexander Hamilton's wife has done.

Harsh. Unnecessarily so,

Harsh. Unnecessarily so, truthfully.

Harsh and very odd

You do not understand that making State dept federal at the time of our founding saved and preserved us as a nation. Mr. Hamilton was Secretary of the Treasury NOT a Senator or Congressman. Also blaming Mr. Hamilton for the Supreme Court decision on Citizens United is ridiculous since that was almost a couple of Centuries later!!!!!!

To harsh and very odd

Hamilton was part of the house of reps so he was a congressmen

What?

Hamilton was never a member of the House of Representatives. This is easily researched and verifiable.

uhhh

He couldn't be in the House of Representatives... The House wasn't founded until after 5 years after Hamilton died. Soooooooo..... yeah.

wait... I thought..

I thought he was treasery?? (not being rude here, just wondering)

Federal Reserve

The Federal Reserve was one of the smartest pieces of legislation that our Congress ever passed. It literally took us from a collection of states to an actual nation. Having a Federal Reserve has nothing to do with how much money can be spent on political campaigns. This idea that corporations can spend what they want on campaigns comes from the recent Supreme Court Citizens United ruling, which declared that corporations have the same right to free speech as people do. This is a ridiculous ruling made by a Conservative-led Court. Your anger at Alexander Hamilton and the Federal Reserve is misplaced. You should be angry with the Supreme Court.

Your wrong

If you were to understand anything about our politics and economics you would understand that first. The national bank United the states, created one type of currency, established our interestes rates, and funded and made our credit competitive to other country’s Secondly if you understood history you would know that the state banks and pet (private) banks both caused economic crashes. Thirdly on the matters of banking we don’t have a national bank anymore so your argument of modern banking and the relationship to Hamilton’s bank is not a strong one. Next even if your accusations were correct that the national bank was a bad idea doesn’t make Hamilton a bad person. Similarly I’m sure all he was doing is creating a plan that helped the union over anything else and the fact that Hamilton has no affiliation, except the haphazard strings you connected to him, with the corrupt corporations of today. Finally that is a really regressive of yiu to discredit what Eliza Schuyler did because of your uneducated views in hamilton. She is a total different person and you shouldn’t connect what she did to him. Just because you find, in some odd, Hamilton’s work to be fruitless doesn’t mean that Eliza’s work is anyone’s remarkable

Why

Dude if you didn’t want to know what Eliza did just don’t read the article simple solution

A.Hamilton & congress

A. HAMILTON was a representative under the ARTICLES of Convention’s Congress. That was before the Constitution was created and ratified in 1787-89. He set up the U.S. Bank after Washington was elected in 1789 and appointed him as Secretary of the Treasury. I am unaware of Hamilton serving in the Congress after his stint as Secretary.

well whether you like it or

well whether you like it or not its still a piece of american history, and without him where do you think we would be? I'm not disagreeing with you its just, you should choose your choice of words next time you say something, and the one making this web page is just stating the facts, so there's no reason to go off even though some of this is true and by the way he wasn't a bad person. He just made mistakes, like any human being, and he is one of our founding fathers so i would show some respect.

You should care

You should care what Eliza has done, she supported women and young children who needed help. She established and orphanage that is still running to this very day. She defended her husband no matter what, read a news paper about her husband cheating on her, she watched her son die, took care of her insane daughter till the girl was 70, then she watched her husband die and her father die in the same year, she spoke up against slavery, raised money for the Washington Monument, and then she lost her sister. She was an amazing women and you should care about what she did in her life time. She raised hundreds of children and she lived till she was 97. Her life was filled with tragedy but she still prevailed through it all. Yes Hamilton was not the greatest man but he did what he thought was best for his country. Yes he had flaws but so dose everyone else.

Alexander Hamilton

Mr. Hamilton is my ancestor and I am proud to be directly related to one of our founding fathers and who fought in the Revolutionary War. He fought right beside George Washington, as did another relative of mine who was a gunsmith for Mr. Washington. I'm very proud of these men who risked their lives for the birth of pur nation.

O: REALLY OH MY GOSH

WAIT HE'S RELATED TO YOU!!! you should totally see "Hamilton, an American Musical". never seen it but have listened to the sound track 5 times. ITS SO COOL YOU GUYS ARE RELATED IM DIEING!!!! I love Hamilton!!!! <3 ヘ(^_^ヘ) ╭(′▽`)╭(′▽`)╯ :D

OH YES

SAMMMEEE

totally unfair!

ok, that's not nice. Eliza went through a lot! her husband was in the war, she knew he could of died any day. Her own HUSBAND cheated on her, and in the renalds phamplet he wrote that he did not regret it. her son died in a duel. she forgave her husband. her husband died in a duel. she never re-married and lived another 50 years. she made the first orphanage. she went through A LOT!! so don't. that's just really not cool. poor Eliza, you must be really dence.

Ummm

You’ve written rentals phamplet and it’s Reynolds Pamphlet

America needs help

This comment just proves how broken our education system is. Someone get this person a history book.

School photo

When was the wonderful picture taken? It's striking that children of all colors are together with no division. That must have been groundbreaking for the time.

I would assume in the 50's.

I would assume in the 50's. In 1949 they became the first organization in America to guarantee beds for black orphans.

Ya that is kind of weird, but

Ya that is kind of weird, but if it was near Eliza's time then it must of been (in your words) groundbreaking

It is a wonderful picture.

It is a wonderful picture. From the eyeglass styles on the women it had to be no earlier then 1939. From the hair and clothing styles I’m guessing perhaps late 40’s but more likely the 1950’s.

Yes

Yes, it is super cool to see no segregation. I wonder if this is before or after they renamed the orphanage Graham Windham?

Pictures from Graham School from 1932-1939

Looking to find a picture of myself. I was in Dunn Cottage. Hastings on the Hudson.

Sanrky

Damn, people are snarky here. I came here to read about Eliza and I get an APUSH high school fight.